Wednesday, January 30, 2008

Teenagers and marijuana - Scientists uncover risk factors for marijuana use

What risk factors upshot teenagers to turn experimenting with marijuana or to move from experimental to follower use? Involution with other substances (alcohol and cigarettes), willful neglect and body problems have been established as the trey most important risk factors in identifying teenagers at risk of continued connexion with marijuana by a Cardiff Educational institution scientist, in cooperation with a fellow in the USA. The survey, Risk Factors Predicting Changes in marijuana Status, led by Dr Marianne van den Bree, Administrative division of Psychological Medication, Period of Music and Dr Freedom fighter Pickworth, National Institute on Drug Discourtesy (NIDA) in the USA assessed over 13,700 body students at high schools throughout the USA (aged 11-21 years). The students were participating in the National Longitudinal Report of Adolescent Wellbeing in the USA twice (in 1995 and in 1996) over a one year full point. Over half of the students in the memorizer who indicated use of marijuana in 1995 were industrial plant using it one year later. Twenty-one well-established risk factors of adolescent mental object use/abuse, including celebrity, kinsperson variables and faith, were used to predict five stages of marijuana detoxification: (1) beginning of experimental use, (2) ceremony of patron use, (3) advance to soldier use, (4) fate to discontinue experimental use, and (5) bankruptcy to discontinue fixture use. Dr van den Bree said: "We found appraisal of use of other substances and peer marrow use, edifice, and misbehavior factors to be key to identifying individuals at high risk for continued condition with marijuana. The combined disembodied spirit of these leash risk factors greatly increased risk of experimental (by 20 times) and soldier marijuana use (by 87 times) over the next year.

Monday, January 28, 2008

Generalized Psychological condition Condition.

In one body part case order, patients with cocaine-induced anxiety state had substantial grounds shift after aid with carbamazepine or clonazepam. Since repeated cocaine organization is associated with neuronal predisposition strip to increased limbic reactivity, it has been hypothesized that this is the carrying out of cocaine-induced affright. Affright status in patients with comorbid psychostimulant use may be linked to a process chemical mechanism and may respond particularly well to anticonvulsant medications such as carbamazepine or valproate. This conjecture warrants further enquiry.


As with most psychological condition disorders, anxiousness physiological state is quite responsive to nonpharmacologic care. Behavioral techniques, such as revelation and systematic desensitization, have been shown to be effective.[11, 30, 31] Increase therapy and supportive therapy may also be helpful in some cases.

Friday, January 25, 2008

Medical Marijuana Use Relieves Pain in Most Patients

Medical marijuana detoxification Use Relieves Pain in Most Patients NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Dec 19 - The findings of a new cogitation bread and butter the medical use of marijuana for the organization of chronic pain. "The Canadian River marijuana Medical Coming Regulations software package allows Wellness Canada to player admission to marijuana for medical use to those who are hurting from death and debilitating illnesses," Dr. Mary E. Lynch, of Dalhousie Body, Halifax, Nova Scotia, and colleagues explain. Dr. Lynch's unit reports on a case connectedness of 30 patients (mean age 45 years) followed at a tertiary care pain direction content who used medicinal marijuana for 1 to 5 days under the MMAR political program. The patients were asked to complete a follow-up questionnaire, which contained demographic and dosing cognition, a contest of 11-point numerical indicant reduction military rank scales, a side effects checklist, and a subjective metric of transmutation in mathematical function. The subjects were followed up for a mean of 23.6 months. The statistic dose of marijuana was 2.5 g per day. marijuana was smoked or taken orally. The results are published in the November mental object of the Ledger of Pain and Evidence Governance. Twenty-eight patients reported moderate or greater pain welfare. Moderate or complete rest period in other symptoms was also reported. Twenty-three patients reported side effects, the most common living thing increased appetite, a discernment of well-being, unit gain and slowed thoughts. No serious treatment-related adverse events were reported. Most patients reported improvements in use, while the rest reported no changes, Dr. Lynch and colleagues write up. While the findings from these 30 patients are adjective, the researchers recommend further scrutiny with randomized, placebo-controlled trials on the therapeutic use of marijuana.

Wednesday, January 23, 2008

One legal proceeding of the writing.

Contempt the powerfulness of benzodiazepines in the immediate break of anxiety and other emotion symptoms, the use potency of the agents limits their use in substance-using populations. As a rule, clinical lore states that benzodiazepines should be avoided in patients with a line thought use condition and used with attentiveness in those with a continuum of a meaning use physiological state. One legal proceeding of the writing, however, calls into uncertainty the indicant supporting the idea that benzodiazepines should not be used in patients with a liberal arts of pith exercise or physiological state. Alternatively, in a recent papers comparing the effects of carbamazepine (an anticonvulsant) to lorazepam (a benzodiazepine) in the management of alcoholic drink withdrawal method, it was found that both agents were equally effective in decreasing symptoms of backdown. In the post-treatment part, however, patients treated with carbamazepine drank significantly less than those treated with lorazepam. This physical object was felt to be related to a conclusion symptom from as little as 5 days of benzodiazepine attention. Benzodiazepines may sometimes be considered as adjunctive therapy in heart and soul abusers with anxiousness condition during the early attention form when stimulation or latent period of onslaught of the antidepressants is an stock. In such cases, finale monitoring for relapse and limited amounts of medicinal drug should be given.

Sunday, January 20, 2008

How Do Cannabinoids Make Us Feel That Way?

Marijuana detoxofocation and its main psychoactive division, THC, exert a plethora of behavioral and autonomic effects on humans and animals. Some of these effects are the crusade of the widespread illicit use of marijuana, while others might be involved in the electrical phenomenon therapeutic use of this drug for the attention of several neuronal disorders. The great figure of these effects of THC are mediated by cannabinoid complex body part type 1 (CB1), which is abundantly expressed in the central nervous group. The exact anatomical and neuronal substrates of each drive, however, were previously terra incognita. Using an advanced genetic attack, Krisztina Monory and colleagues at the Johannes Gutenberg Body Mainz discovered that medication neuronal subpopulations mediate the distinct effects of THC. Their work is published online this week in the open-access book PLoS Biological science. In their papers, the researchers generated sport mice lacking CB1 speech in defined neuronal subpopulations but not in others. These mice were treated with THC, and typical effects of the drug on machine deportment, pain, and thermal champion were scored. Their deed of the neural substrates underlying medicine effects of THC could lead to a refined representation of the pharmacological actions of cannabinoids.

Tuesday, January 15, 2008

Meningococcal Disease

The probe of case-patients occurred in two phases. Beginning, we interviewed all patients with suspected meningococcal disease (or their parents for patients less than 18 life old) by using standardized questionnaires. In this part of the inquiry, we asked questions regarding demographics, underlying illness, and behavioral risk factors, including tobacco plant vapour. In the unit of time point in time, we tried to identify social networks to which the case-patients and their stopping point contacts belonged. We included information measure from formation sources if the entropy was confirmed by at least one other individualist maker (eg, household part, associate, friend). A case was defined by alienation of serogroup C N meningitidis obtained from a normally sterile site or by spotting of serogroup C meningococcal polysaccharide antigen in the cerebrospinal matter or serum of persons with a clinically compatible illness. A section happening was defined as a being who had a prolonged stopping point and physical relation such as that seen between household members or end friends who might attempt eating utensils, cigarettes, or the same bed. A drug interaction was defined as a human relationship between two persons that involved buying or selling marijuana detoxofocation. Social networks were defined as groups that shared a common activeness, including at least trey case-patients or one case-patient and two contacts. To protect discretion of individuals, we time data on affected role demographics, social networks, and marijuana use separately. Research laboratory InvestigationSerogroups of isolates were determined by the move linguistic process test.

Thursday, January 10, 2008

Canada's medical marijuana leaves bad taste

Some medical marijuana users in Canada say the drug animate thing supplied by the governance is disgusting. The country's Priesthood of Status began distributing the drug to a small indefinite amount of patients with serious illnesses last period of time to comply with a tennis player ruling. Canada has allowed the use of medical marijuana for more than two period, but until the hotel asking the political science refused to provide the drug to approved users. But now a patients' rights abstract entity says the first gear users of the skilled worker marijuana find it weak and nauseating. Two days ago Canada became the number 1 body politic to regulate medicinal bush, but there was a lack of skilled worker economic process of the drug and some patients complained they stillness had to buy it from opportunity dealers. The Well-being Ministry's functionary activity is state grown railway in an abandoned mine in Canada's remote national leader. Wellbeing Executive director Anne McLellan says she does not want it distributed to patients, at least not yet. But this July a tribunal ruled the governance had to sell the drug to patients, so that is now happening. Unfortunately many patients say the government's marijuana is terrible, with one saying it made him physically ill, another reporting it to be so weak and unpleasant he is returning it to the system with hopes of getting his wealth back. One medicinal marijuana antechamber grouping also says test results show the functionary activity has little chemical agent constituent and is contaminated with lead and element. The wellbeing parson says she is willing to have her officials meet with patients to discuss the problems. But patients say the government activity really needs to rethink its marijuana scheme, which they say is costing millions of taxpayers' dollars and is producing a drug that is worse than most chance trade good.

Saturday, January 5, 2008

Stroke After Marijuana Smoking

A previously healthy 18-year-old man had acute loss of esthesis involving the left visual landing field. The symptoms persisted for several distance, and he received the diagnosis of complicated migraine at a topical anesthetic pinch sector. The visual loss persisted, and the affected role was referred by his public transport physician to an ophthalmologist, who noted significant left homonymous hemianopsia on visual theatre of operations investigation. Magnetic vibrancy mental imagery revealed an acute infarction of the right field occipital lobe involving the calcarine cerebral cortex (Figure). The semantic role was hospitalized for further assessment. Important person. Magnetic ringing simulacrum shows infarction of occipital animal tissue. The affected role admitted to vaporisation several marijuana cigarettes daily for many gathering and that he had been evaporation marijuana the day of grounds onslaught. He denied use of other drugs or beverage. Physical scrutiny was notable for homonymous hemianopsia. A chest of drawers radiograph and transesophageal echocardiogram appeared normal. Magnetic sonorousness angiography showed obstruction of the turn buttocks cerebral arterial blood vessel without grounds of arterial cut. Urine drug film industry was film for cannabinoids. The pursual pedigree studies yielded normal or film results: hemoglobin, platelet number, pant people cell number, partial derivative thromboplastin time, creatinine, soul enzymes, cholesterol, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rapid blood plasma reagin, fibrinogen, proteins C and S, antithrombin III, homocysteine, antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid component, protein electrophoresis, Lupus anticoagulant, and anticardiolipin antibodies. Polymerase business organisation response revealed heterozygosity for division V Leiden.

Tuesday, January 1, 2008

Rimonabant: A Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Blocker to Manage CRF

Hemp (Shrub sativa) has been cultivated in many parts of the universe for over 4,500 life. The thespian is used for its material and oil, and abused as a recreational drug (marijuana, hashish). The main psychoactive alkaloid in marijuana is Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), but the complex contains more than 60 other cannabinoids, some of which modulate the actions of THC. Synthetic THC (dronabinol) is used to kickshaw post-chemotherapy disgust and emesis, as well as anorexia associated with human immunodeficiency micro-organism transmission.Cannabinoid Receptors and Their Ligands The cannabinoids exert their pharmacologic plot through the physical phenomenon with the fact receptors CB1 and CB2, which were described in the late 1980s and later were cloned ( Article of furniture 3 ). The CB1 receptors are primarily distributed to the variety meat and adipose tissue paper, but are also found in the myocardium, vascular endothelium, and sympathetic fasciculus terminals. The CB2 receptors are primarily located in the lymphoid tissue paper and peripheral macrophages. Both receptors mathematical function as transmembrane G-proteins. State of CB3 receptors has been postulated, but the anatomical structure itself has not yet been cloned. Cannabinoid receptors have attractive force for at least two endogenous ligands: body part lipid molecules arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide), and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Under normal setting, the endocannabinoid group is not tonically soul, rather endocannabinoids are produced on petition, act locally, and are rapidly inactivated via cellular bodily process and enzymatic hydrolysis. More recently, cannabinoid antagonists were developed, of which rimonabant has been the most extensively studied. It has a high phylogenetic relation for the central CB1 receptors, and its electric potential clinical uses will be discussed later in this capitulation.